![]() Since 1984, Televideo has been a constant presence (even if sometimes unnoticed and neglected) in Italian television and a service provided by the national Public Service Broadcaster Rai. Later, super teletext was described as inferior to teletext, in a combination of lacking interactivity and going beyond teletext’s close relationship with news and the tradition of news culture. The main results suggest that super teletext initially made it possible for teletext to be a part of locating newness in a media convergence future in: connecting teletext to a media convergence hypothesis serving as an aligning-symbol between TV and PC functioning as an argument for technological experiments ascribing newness as a way of securing public service values in a digital future. The purpose is to articulate and deepen our understanding of teletext’s involvement in this development, guided by the following questions: What were the arguments SVT used for approaching and developing teletext? How did teletext’s placement in the organization change? What general understanding about the dynamics of media change can be found in teletext development? The analysis is made from the general epistemological standpoint of social shaping of technology, the specific media convergence theory often used as a hypothesis for digital media development, and an identifiable concept to highlight the local and situated aspect of newness in media technology development. This is a study of teletext’s role in the development of digital terrestrial television in Sweden, particularly as super teletext, focusing on the public service television company Sveriges Television (Swedish Television) (SVT), and this company’s policy documents, both strategy documents and public service audits, in the period 1996-2002. ![]() For many people in France and French-speaking countries, the Minitel paved the way for a smooth transition to the Internet. The Minitel introduced numerous social media applications that are now taken for granted: the creation of a virtual, online communicational space that we now call cyberspace, bulletin boards, discussion groups, chat rooms, texting/sexting, sex-themed, adult online communication sites with live " animators " (Minitel roses), precursors of the phone chat and Webcam phenomenon, electronic commerce, online sexual capitalism (the commercialization of sex-themed content in cyberspace), and online payment systems. The chapter explores the transformation of the Télétel/Minitel, the French government-owned and controlled online videotex service from innovative, high technology social media of the last quarter of the 20 th Century to objects of technological and cultural memory. This chapter explores pioneering digital technologies in France–Teletext and the Videotex service, Minitel– that are part of the building blocks of modern information and communication technologies. ![]() ![]() New information and communication technologies facilitated the convergence of various components of the media and resulted in the invention of a plethora of digital consumer electronics appliances and web-based applications. ![]()
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